SPHECODINA CAUDATA (Bremer & Grey, 1852)

TAXONOMY

Macroglossa caudata Bremer & Grey, 1853, in Motschulsky (ed.), Etudes ent. 1: 62. Type locality: [China,] Pekin [Beijing].

ADULT DESCRIPTION AND VARIATION

Wingspan: 62--67mm.

ADULT BIOLOGY

A diurnal species in the Russian Far East, flying in the afternoon around meadows in mixed coniferous/deciduous and deciduous woodland, particularly those characterized by Quercus mongolica (Izerskiy, 1999b).

FLIGHT-TIME

China: i-iii (Guangdong); v (Shandong); vi (Zhejiang); vi-vii (Guangdong); viii (Guangdong). Russia: 12.v-vi (Primorskiy Kray).

An early species which Mell (1935) recorded as having two generations in Guangdong.

Park et al. (1999) give June and July as the flight period in Korea.

EARLY STAGES

OVUM:

LARVA: Full-fed 39--42mm.

PUPA: 43--45mm.

Larval hostplants. Vitis amurensis in the Russian Far East (Izerskiy, 1999b). In China often on Parthenocissus tricuspidata growing up walls and cliffs (Pittaway, pers. obs. 2004).

PARASITOIDS

LOCAL DISTRIBUTION

China: Beijing; Shandong (Qingdao; Weihai; Yantai); Henan; Anhui (Mt. HuangShan); Zhejiang; Hubei; Sichuan; Chongqing (Chongqing); Yunnan (Yanmen); Fujian (Fuzhou); Guangdong (E. Nan Ling; Guangzhou).

North Korea: North Hamgyong Prov. (Jueul, 1500m).

South Korea: Kyonggi Prov. (Gwangleung); Kangwon Prov. (Hwacheon; Gyebang-san); South Cholla Prov. (Baekyang Temple); North Kyongsang Prov. (Juwang-san).

Russia: Primorskiy Kray (Anisimovke; Primorskiy; Barabash; Vladivostok; Narva).

GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION

The southern Russian Far East, the Korean Peninsula, eastern and southern China, and northern Thailand.

A closely related species occurs under similar climatic conditions in eastern North America.

BIOGEOGRAPHICAL AFFILIATION