MARUMBA JANKOWSKII (Oberthür, 1881)

TAXONOMY

Smerinthus jankowskii Oberthür, 1881, Etud. ent. 5: 26. Type locality: [Russia, Primorskiy Kray,] Askold Island.

ADULT DESCRIPTION AND VARIATION

Wingspan: 68--80mm.

ADULT BIOLOGY

In the Russian Far East, a lowland species of mixed and pure deciduous woodland characterized by Quercus mongolica (Izerskiy, 1999b).

FLIGHT-TIME

China: 28.vi-vii (Heilongjiang). Japan: 1.vi-5.vii (Hokkaido); 3.vi-7.vii (Honshu); 23.vii-10.viii (Hokkaido); 26.viii (Honshu). Russia: 28.v-23.vi (Primorskiy Kray); 12-18.vii (Primorskiy Kray); 16.vii (Khabarovsk Kray); 12-24.viii (Primorskiy Kray).

Park et al. (1999) give early June until late August as the flight period in Korea.

EARLY STAGES

OVUM:

LARVA:

PUPA:

Larval hostplants. Recorded in 'Manchuria' on Tilia (Oberthür, 1886). Chu & Wang (1980) also listed Ficus religiosa and Ziziphus mauritiana, but these are certainly erroneous. Records for Japan (Sugi, 1987) and Primorskiy Kray (Graeser, 1888; Derzhavets, 1984) are restricted to species of Tilia, such as Tilia mandshurica (Izerskiy, 1999b).

PARASITOIDS

Unknown.

LOCAL DISTRIBUTION

China: Heilongjiang (Yichun).

North Korea: Kyonggi Prov. (Gaeseong/Kaesong); North Hamgyong Prov. (Jueul).

South Korea: Kyonggi Prov. (Yongmun-san; Asan Bay; Suwan; Gwangleung); Kangwon Prov. (Seolak-san; Odae-san; Sogumgang; Jodong-ri; Chiak-san; Baekduk-san; Taebek-san; Bongmyung-ri; Gyebang-san; Jeombong-san; Jungseon); North Cholla (Mujugucheondong; Daedun-san; Jiri-san; Namwon); South Cholla Prov. (Baekyang Temple; Gurye); North Kyongsang Prov. (Sobaek-san; Mungyungsaejae; Juwang-san; Seongju); South Kyongsang Prov. (Geoje-do; Namhae; Sancheong; Tongyoung; Hadong; Hamyang); Cheju Prov. (Cheju-do; Gwaneum Temple; Topyung; Sungpanak; Ipseok-dong; Andeok; Donnaeko).

Japan: Hokkaido (Kushiro; Tokachi; nr Sapporo); Honshu (Kirizumi Spa, 1080m; Karuizawa; Kisojihara, 1200m; Nakanoyu Spa; Norikura Kogen, 1500m; Shinbo); Shikoku; Kyushu.

Russia: Khabarovsk Kray (Khabarovsk); Primorskiy Kray (Askold Island; Jankowski Peninsula; Vladivostok; Barabash; Khasan; Kedrovaya Pad nature reserve).

GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION

Southeastern Russian Far East, northeastern China, North Korea, South Korea and all major Japanese islands.

BIOGEOGRAPHICAL AFFILIATION

Holarctic; eastern Palaearctic region. Pleistocene refuge: Monocentric -- Manchurian refuge.