Sphingidae of the Eastern Palaearctic

CALLAMBULYX JUNONIA (Butler, 1881)

Female Callambulyx junonia, Sa Pa, Vietnam. Photo: © Ron Brechlin

Male Callambulyx junonia, Hefeng, Hubei, China. Photo: © Tony Pittaway, IZAS.

TAXONOMY

Ambulyx junonia Butler, 1881, Illustr. typ. Spec. Lepid. Heterocera Brit. Mus. 5: 9. Type locality: Bhotan [Bhutan].

Synonym. Callambulyx junonia chinensis Clark, 1938, Proc. New Engl. zool. Club 17: 42. Type locality: China (SW), Szechuan Province [Sichuan], Mt Omei [Emei Shan], 9000'.

Synonym. Callambulyx orbita Chu & Wang, 1980, Acta zootaxon. sin. 5: 419. Type locality: China, Yunnan, Lijiang, 3900m.

ADULT DESCRIPTION AND VARIATION

Wingspan: 104mm.

ADULT BIOLOGY

FLIGHT-TIME

China: 26.iv (Tengchong); 30.iv-1.v (Lushui); 10.vi (Emei Shan); 16-21.vi (Taibai Shan); 28.vi (Lijiang); 29.vii (Hefeng).

EARLY STAGES

OVUM: Unknown.

LARVA: Unknown.

PUPA: Unknown.

Larval hostplants. Unknown.

PARASITOIDS

Unknown.

LOCAL DISTRIBUTION

China: Shaanxi (Taibai Shan, 1500m); Hubei (Hefeng, 1240m); Sichuan (Emei Shan, 2700m); Yunnan (Lijiang, 3900m; Lushui, 2240m; Tengchong, 1750m); Hunan (Xiangxi Prefecture); Hainan.

Confirmed from only a small number of highly disjunct localities, generally at high altitude.

GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION

Bhutan, northeastern India (Nagaland), southern China and northern Vietnam (Sa Pa mountains, 2400m).

BIOGEOGRAPHICAL AFFILIATION

Holarctic; eastern Palaearctic region. Pleistocene refuge: Monocentric -- Yunnan refugium.

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